Holy basil, or tulsi, is an aromatic leaf from Ocimum tenuiflorum used as tea, powder, and extract. Its polyphenols and volatile compounds appear to influence stress signaling, glucose handling, and inflammatory pathways. Human studies most consistently suggest modest relief of stress and anxiety, with weaker evidence for better glycemic control and small improvements in blood pressure or lipids. Adults under persistent day-to-day stress seem most likely to notice a benefit.

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Compounds including eugenol, rosmarinic acid, ursolic acid, and ocimumosides appear to modulate the HPA axis and sympathetic stress response, which may lower perceived stress and cortisol output. Holy basil may also affect hepatic glucose metabolism, insulin signaling, and low-grade inflammation, which could explain its modest cardiometabolic findings.